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PHOTO0000000004

English transcription: The United Nations Development Programme, with UNESCO as executing agency, is assisting the Government of Ethiopia in implementing a work-oriented adult literacy project which also includes training of literacy teachers in the new techniques of functional literacy. In the Wallamo-Soddo District of Sidame Province, a boy teaches his father how to read from a text book prepared and distributed under the literacy project.
French transcription: Le Programme des Nations Unies pour le Développement - dont l'UNESCO est l'agent d'exécution - assiste le Gouvernement éthiopien dans l'implantation d'un projet d'alphabétisation fonctionnelle des adultes. Le programme comprend également la formation d'instituteurs spécialisés dans ce domaine. Un petit gaçon apprend à lire à son père avec un manuel scolaire préparé et distribué par le projet dans le district de Wallamo-Soddo (province de Sidamo).
Description: Un petit garçon et son père sont assis dans un champ. Le garçon montre à son père une page de son manuel qui indique comment compter. Devant eux, des vaches paissent. Il y a de la végétation derrière.

PHOTO0000000005

English transcription: Evening class for women. Here, learning to read and write.
French transcription: Cours du soir pour femmes adultes. Ici, alphabétisation.
Description: Une femme est en train d'écrire au tableau noir. Elle porte une robe et une coiffe du même tissu. Son écriture est un peu maladroite. Elle tient la craie d'une main et son bébé de l'autre. Le bébé regarde le tableau.

PHOTO0000000007

English transcription: Adult education literacy.
French transcription: Education des adultes alphabétisation.
Description: Dans une salle de classe installée à l'extérieur, des hommes et des femmes sont assis sur des chaises. Les femmes sont au premier rang, les hommes au second. Un homme en short pointe un tableau noir accroché au mur. Des phrases sont écrites à la craie: « THIS IS MY HAND - THIS IS HER HAND ».

PHOTO0000000008

English transcription: Villagers listening to a radio broadcast. UNESCO has organised a literacy centre in the village of Kolo sic Kollo.
French transcription: Des villageois écoutent une émission radiophonique. Kolo sic Kollo est l'un des villages où l'UNESCO a organisé un centre d'alphabétisation.
Description: Ten men sitting in a half-circle around a radio unit. The radio is rectangular with dark sides and a light front side. On top are three knobs and a fully extended antenna. The variety of hats worn by the group is noteworthy, including both knitted and grass-woven. In the background is a grass hut and wall, as well as mud or clay walls.

PHOTO0000000010

English transcription: The Kolo literacy centre is organised with UNESCO assistance.
French transcription: Centre d'alphabétisation de Kolo organisé avec l'aide de l'UNESCO.
Description: Un homme souriant devant une structure construit en roseaux tressés. A côté, il y a une pancarte de présentation qui indique "Centre d'alphabétisation de Kolo."

PHOTO0000000011

Description: Une femme, vêtue de blanc et portant de nombreux colliers et croix autour du cou, est en train de lire un livre d'exercice. Elle a un stylo à la main. Elle est entourée par d'autres femmes.

PHOTO0000000012

French transcription: Alphabétisation dans la région des chutes du Nil.
Description: Outside, a man stands next to a sign with amharique lettering, which he points to with a stick. His audience is sitting in front of him with their backs to the camera. There is a waterfall in the background.

PHOTO0000000013

English transcription: UNESCO has sent an expert in education to assist the Government of Mali in its education programme. Here, an adult literacy class.
French transcription: En vue d'assister le gouvernement du Mali son programme d'enseignement, l'UNESCO a envoyé sur place un expert-conseiller en la matière. Ici, alphabétisation des adultes dans un faubourg de Bamako.
Description: Woman writing on a notebook under the light of a portable lamp. There are several people in the classroom, but one woman is the focus of the photograph. She is wearing a dress and headscarf as well as a small bracelet.

PHOTO0000000014

English transcription: Mali - 1965. Literacy campaign in Mali. The villagers, as a rule, build their own literacy centre.
French transcription: Mali - 1965. Campagne d'alphabétisation. Les villageois, en générel, construisent eux-mêmes leur centre d'alphabétisation.
Description: Seven men, some of them young, stand in front of a structure made of mud bricks and a straw roof. They seem to be working on the mud walls with their hands.

PHOTO0000000015

English transcription: Mali - 1965. Literacy campaign.
French transcription: Mali - 1965. Campagne d'alphabétisation.
Description: Eight young men and women are reading while standing in a line next to a building. Two men observe, while a third man points toward the group. There is a tree and a hill in the background.

PHOTO0000000016

French transcription: Projet d'alphabétisation L'Ecole du village.
Description: At least four children in a classroom on wooden desks, writting in their exercise books. One of the students, a girl, is watching something in front of her. There is a window next to them.

PHOTO0000000017

English transcription: A villager reading the local newspaper.
French transcription: Une villageoise lit le journal local.
Description: A young woman reads an issue of Kibaru, a monthly rural newspaper published in the Bambara language. Kibaru was launched by the Malian government in 1972, under the direction of the Mali National Agency of Information (ANIM) and of the daily newspaper L'Essor. Behind the girl, you can see several smiling young boys and a man, as well as several houses with thatched rooves.

PHOTO0000000025

English transcription: People's Republic of the Congo – Brazzaville – 1969. Literacy teaching in a rural area.
French transcription: République populaire du Congo – Brazzaville – 1969. Alphabétisation en milieu rural.
Description: The picture depicts a group of male students sitting outdoors on grass or straw in a rural setting, facing a male teacher. The teacher is standing next to a frame made with sticks, from which are hung sheets of paper with writing on them.

PHOTO0000000026

English transcription: Awudome Residential Adult College - 1950. Making the Awudome News, a small duplicated newspaper circulated amongst the population of Tsito and neighbouring villages. Photo shows from left to right: A student at the Adult College, Mr. Stephen Andoh, Resident Tutor, and Mr. Paul Bertensen, Principal of the college.
Description: Four men, seated at a large table full of papers, each one concentrating on their own work. Some write by hand on notebooks; some work with typewriters.

PHOTO0000000027

English transcription: Awudome Residential Adult College. Photo shows people attending an evening class.
Description: A group of people sit at desks reading and writing.

PHOTO0000000028

English transcription: Evening class for women. Here, learning to read and write.
French transcription: Cours du soir pour femmes adultes. Ici, alphabétisation.
Description: Women seated at desks in a classroom. Two women in the foreground use class workbooks (one writing, the other page-turning).

PHOTO0000000029

English transcription: Yaoundé Linguistics Centre organised by UNESCO to help with the teaching of French and English, both official languages in this officially bilingual State. At the blackboard is Mrs. Coelho Veloso, UNESCO expert.
French transcription: Centre linguistique de Yaoundé organisé par l'UNESCO et destiné à enseigner le français et l'anglais dans cet Etat officiellement bilingue. En sari, Mme Coelho Veloso, expert de l'UNESCO.
Description: Students (men and women) sit at desks facing a chalk board. French exercices are written on the chalkboard.

PHOTO0000000030

English transcription: Literacy campaign for adults organised with the help of UNESCO. A writing lesson. (Mr. Pierluigi Vagliani of Italy, UNESCO expert, is shown here, on the right, seated).
French transcription: Programme d'alphabétisation des adultes organisé avec l'aide de l'UNESCO. Leçon d'écriture. (A droite, assis, M. Pierluigi Vagliani (Italie), expert de l'UNESCO.).
Description: In a classroom under a straw roof, a boy is writting letters on a chalkboard. There are men sitting in front of him and men standing to his left and right. Two men, standing, are looking at the camera. There are tree trunks holding up the structure and a lamp on the right.

PHOTO0000000031

English transcription: Literacy training for adults. Only about 3% of the adults and 8% of the children know how to read and write. The increase in the population suspasses the teaching facilities. Literacy centres provided a temporary solution to this problem.
French transcription: Alphabétisation des adultes. Seulement environ 3% des adultes et 8% des enfants savent lire et écrire. L'accroissement de la population est plus rapide que l'augmentation du nombre d'écoles. C'est pourquoi les centres d'alphabétisation constituent la seule solution permettant d'empêcher, dans une certaine mesure, l'analphabétisme.
Description: A young man sits outside on gravel in front of a river reading a notebook.

PHOTO0000000034

English transcription: Evening class for women. Here, learning to read and write.
French transcription: Cours du soir pour femmes adultes. Ici, alphabétisation.
Description: Women in a classroom. The female teacher seems to be correcting exercises that a woman with a child on her lap has finished.

PHOTO0000000036

English transcription: The United Nations Development Programme, with UNESCO as executing agency, is assisting the Government of Ethiopia in implementing a work-oriented adult literacy project which also includes training of literacy teachers in the new techniques of functional literacy. A literacy class in Weyebo Village of the Wallamo-Soddo District in Sidamo Province. A total of thirty one classes are in session for 12,000 adults in this District.
French transcription: Le Programme des Nations-Unies pour le Développement - dont l'UNESCO est l'agence d'exécution - assiste le Gouvernement éthiopien dans l'implantation d'un projet d'alphabétisation fonctionnelle des adultes. Le programme comprend également la formation d'instituteurs spécialisés dans ce domaine. Une classe d'alphabétisation au village de Weyebo dans le district de Wallamo-Soddo (Province de Sidamo). Ce district comprend 31 classes pour 12,000 adultes.
Description: A male teacher is pointing at a basic arithmetic lesson on a blackboard for the benefit of a class of young adults.

PHOTO0000000038

English transcription: Completed pages of text-books, ready for binding.
French transcription: Préparation de manuels scolaires : les feuillets n'ont plus qu'à être reliés entres eux.
Description: Piles of the pages of an Ethiopian-language textbook, some with hand-drawn black-and-white drawings, ready for binding.

PHOTO0000000039

English transcription: Chad - Gounou-Gaya - March/April 1978. Operational Seminar at Gounou-Gaya, Chad. Teachers' working session during which they prepare the counting lesson with the aid of a counting frame made by themselves. This counting frame allows the pupils to learn about units, tens, hundreds and thousands which is very important for the village - planters who are often undersold when they sell their cotton.
French transcription: Tchad - Gounou-Gaya - mars/avril 1978. Séminaire Opérationnel de Gounou-Gaya, Tchad. Séance de travail des formateurs préparant la leçon de calcul grâce à un boulier fabriqué par les formateurs eux-mèmes. Ce boulier permet d'apprendre le principe des unités, dizaines, centaines et milliers. Ces notions sont importants pour les villageois planteurs de coton qui se font souvent volés lots de la vente du coton.
Description: Seven men (five seated, two standing) in a woven hut, looking at a counting frame placed on a stool or small table.

PHOTO0000000044

French transcription: Lors de la journeé Internationale de l'alphabétisation une femme alphabétisée fait une lecture publique d'un journal rural.
Description: Woman standing and reading, wearing a head scarf, glasses, patterned skirt, surrounded by a large seated group of people, men and women. The setting is outdoors, with strong shadows.

PHOTO0000000045

English transcription: Togoland - Lomé - January 1961. The Union of Women of Togoland organises literacy classes and English and improvement courses for its members. Shown here, a literacy class.
French transcription: Togo - Lomé - janvier 1961. L'Union des Femmes Togolaises organise des cours pour illettrées, des cours de perfectionnement et des cours d'anglais. Ici, un cours pour illettrées.
Description: Outdoors, possibly in a courtyard. A large group of women and girls are seated at a long table with reading materials. One woman has a baby strapped on her back. There is a girl looking at the camera. Four women stand around the table and seem to be checking the work of the seated women. Strings of bunting are visible. There are chairs stacked against the wall in the background and some plants visible.

PHOTO0000000046

French transcription: 40777-40778 - Togo. Elevage de caprins. Production économique nécessitant la connaisance de l'écriture et du calcul.
Description: Outdoors in a rural setting, four women stand with a young goat in front of a thatched-roof structure. One woman is writing on a piece of paper. Three are bending over facing the goat. One of the women has a baby on her back. There is another goat and possibly another woman under the straw roof. In the background are wooden fence posts, a third goat sitting tethered to a post, long grass, trees, and a hill.

PHOTO0000000047

French transcription: 40772-40773 - Togo. Activité économique des femmes en cours d'alphabétisation : production de savon, découpage et estampillage.
Description: Two women learning to make and cut soap.

PHOTO0000000048

English transcription: Togoland - Lomé - January 1961. The Union of Women of Togoland organises literacy classes and English 'improvement' classes for its members. Shown here, a literacy class.
French transcription: Togo - Lomé - janvier 1961. L'Union des Femmes Togolaises organise des cours pour illettrées, des cours de perfectionnement et des cours d'anglais. Ici, un cours pour illettrées.
Description: A woman is standing at a blackboard, pointing at letters of the alphabet. Three women pupils are seated outside.

PHOTO0000000049

English transcription: The Union of Women of Togoland organizes meeting to desk with hygiene, social conduct and literacy. A lesson in hygiene. On the board, the photograph shows Madame Euniks Adafunu, President of Lomé Branch of the Union of Women of Togoland.
French transcription: L'Union des femmes togolaises organise des conférences sur des questions d'hygiène, de morale, de civisme, d'alphabétisation. Un cours d'hygiène, au tableau Mme Eunike Adafunu, présidente de la section de Lomé de l'UFT.
Description: Dans une cour extérieure, une salle de classe est improvisée. Une femme se tient au tableau sur lequel des affiches sont collées. Elle explique et pointe une affiche qui montre avec des dessins comment s’occuper d’un nouveau-né. Trois femmes sont assises à leur bureau et écoutent.

PHOTO0000000053

English transcription: Operational Seminar at Gounou-Gaya, Chad. Teachers' working session during the functional literacy teaching programme is prepared.
French transcription: Séminaire Opérationnel de Gounou-Gaya, Tchad. Séance de travail des formatrices préparant le programme pédagogique d'alphabétisation fonctionnelle.
Description: Men and women sit on benches under a roof. The ground is made of sand. In the foreground, a woman writes in a notebook while carrying a baby on her back. She wears earrings and flip-flops.

PHOTO0000000056

English transcription: This young boy, badly stricken with leprosy, is teaching himself to read.
French transcription: Un petit garçon lépreux apprend à lire. La maladie lui a mutilé les mains.
Description: A young boy, seated on the ground, is studying a literacy workbook. His hands are disfigured from leprosy. In the background is a large stretch of sand, dotted with palm trees.

PHOTO0000000057

English transcription: Adult literacy training. UNESCO has engaged an instructor to give lessons in order to raise the educational level of the rural population.
French transcription: Alphabétisation des adultes. Les leçons sont données par un moniteur engagé par l'UNESCO afin d'élever le niveau des populations rurales.

PHOTO0000000058

English transcription: Functional literacy session with the women of the village. The legibility of a drawing carried out by a teacher on a subject chosen by the villagers is judged - the problems of the pregnant woman and the newly born baby.
French transcription: Séance d’alphabétisation fonctionnelle avec les femmes du village. Ici on teste la lisibilité d'une image dessinée par une formatrice sur un sujet choisi par les villageois les problèmes de la femme enceinte et du nouveau-né.
Description: Several women are kneeling and writing/drawing with their fingers in the sand.

PHOTO0000000059

English transcription: Upper Volta, Burkina Faso - Ouagadougou - July 1968. First training course held within the framework of the UNESCO program for literacy and rural education for women. Making water filters.
French transcription: Upper Volta, Burkina Faso - Ouagadougou - Juillet 1968. Premier stage d'information et de perfectionnement dans le cadre du programme de l'UNESCO pour l’alphabétisation et l’éducation rurale des femmes. Confection de filtres à eau.
Description: A group of women watches another woman hammering a spherical object.

PHOTO0000000060

English transcription: A literacy class.
French transcription: Alphabétisation.
Description: In the front of a classroom, two men stand before a blackboard with written letters and syllables. A group of boys sit, observing.

PHOTO0000000061

English transcription: Literacy campaign. An evening literacy class for a group of former nomads, now living in a village on the banks of the river Juba. Their teacher, Ibrahim Aden Daga is also their chief.
French transcription: Alphabétisation. Ce sont d'anciens nomades, nouvellement installés dans ce village au bord de la rivière Juba, qui apprennent à lire et à écrire, le soir à la lueur des lampes à pétrole. Leur instituteur n'est autre que leur chef, Ibrahim Aden Daga.
Description: Three male figures, young men, are sitting cross-legged on dusty ground, as they write with pencils on small pads of paper. They are wearing white, loose fitting clothes.

PHOTO0000000062

English transcription: Work-Oriented Adult Literacy Project. This project receives assistance from the United Nations Development Programme of which UNESCO is the executing agency. A class in theory at the Bata Factory which employs 1719 workers of which 351 are illiterate.
French transcription: Alphabétisation fonctionnelle des adultes. Ce projet reçoit l'aide du Programme des Nations Unies pour le Développement dont l'UNESCO est l'agent d'exécution. Ici, un cours de théorie à l'Usine BATA qui emploie 1719 ouvriers et employés dont 351 sont illettrés.
Description: A classroom of male adult students sitting in rows. They have paper and notebooks and a writing implement. One student stands to the left of the group next to a brick wall, looking at the camera. The teacher is in the foreground writing on a board. He wears a watch and has a pen in his chest pocket. On the walls are posters with Arabic script. In front of the first row of desks is a table with a folder, loose-leaf papers, and a small box. Light is coming from the wall in the background.

PHOTO0000000063

English transcription: Evening literacy class in a workers' cultural association established, along with several similar associations, by a UNESCO expert in 1957. Shown here is the teacher, Omar Abdella aged 15, dictating to his pupil, Hassam, aged 52.
French transcription: Alphabétisation. Cours du soir dans une association culturelle ouvrière. Cette association, ainsi que plusieurs autres similaires, a été créée et organisée en 1957 par un expert de l'UNESCO. Ici, l'instituteur Omar Abedell (15 ans) dictant à son élève, Hassam (52 ans).
Description: A group of older men wearing white robes and various head coverings (kufis, head wraps) sit in a line on a floor mat holding pencils and writing pads. They are looking at the writing pads. Sitting in front of them is a young man reading from a writing pad that he holds up. There are books visible on the mat.

PHOTO0000000064

English transcription: Work-Oriented Adult Literacy Project, funded by the United Nations Development Programme, and implemented by UNESCO. A class in theory at the Bata Factory which employs 1,719 workers of which 531 are illiterate.
French transcription: Alphabétisation fonctionnelle des adultes. Ce projet est financé par le Programme des Nations Unies pour le Développement, et exécuté par l'UNESCO. Ici, un cours de théorie à l'Usine BATA qui emploie 1,719 ouvriers et employés dont 351 sont illettrés.
Description: Seven male factory workers are seated at the front desk of a classroom, writing with pencils in literacy workbooks. The heads of other students are visible behind them. There are posters with Arabic writing on the walls. The teacher is standing at the right of the photograph. There is a pile of folders on the table at the front of the room. The roof is of corrugated iron. A waste paper basket and a chair are visible on the right of the picture.

PHOTO0000000065

English transcription: Work-Oriented Adult Literacy Project. This project was funded by the United Nations Development Programme, and implemented by UNESCO. Included in the Spinning and Weaving General Programme at the Sudan Textile Factory are four hours.
French transcription: Alphabétisation fonctionnelle des adultes. Ce projet est financé par le Programme des Nations Unies pour le Développement et exécuté par l'UNESCO. Quatre heures de cours de théorie par semaine sont donnés à l'usine de textile, la Sudan Textile Factory.
Description: The entire frame contains the head of a man wearing a white shirt, with a watch on his left wrist. He is holding his head in his left hand as he looks down. He appears to be reading or writing.

PHOTO0000000066

French transcription: Senegal - Joal. Cooperative des femmes. Ker Simbara. Projet Tostan d'alphabétisation.
Description: A group of 12 women wearing sit in a classroom. The walls are covered with posters. The women are all clapping and smiling.

PHOTO0000000067

English transcription: Senegal - Khenene (Thies region) - 1971. Functional literacy classes are part of the training programme of co-operative farmers specializing in the production of ground-nuts.
French transcription: Sénégal - Khénène (région de Thiès) - 1971. Classe d’alphabétisation fonctionnelle pour la formation des coopérateurs arachidiens.
Description: Inside a classroom, three men are doing arithmetic exercises, observed from outside through a window by a group of women. Two of the men are wearing knit caps.

PHOTO0000000068

English transcription: SENEGAL - Khenene (Thies region) - 1971. Functional literacy classes are part of the training programme of co-operative farmers specializing in the production of ground-nuts.
French transcription: SENEGAL - Khénène (région de Thiès) - 1971. Classe d’alphabétisation fonctionnelle pour la formation des coopérateurs arachidiens.
Description: In a classroom, a man writes an arithmetic problem and its solution on a blackboard with chalk.

PHOTO0000000069

English transcription: Functional literacy class. Here is shown how to count numbers with the aid of a counting frame made by the teachers.
French transcription: Séance d’alphabétisation fonctionnelle. Ici, l'apprentissage des chiffres et du calcul grâce à un boulier rudimentaire fabriqué par les formateurs.
Description: Several men squatting around a circle draw something on the floor with their fingers. In the middle, a man manipulates a rectangular wooden device.

PHOTO0000000070

English transcription: Operational Seminar at Gounou-Gaya. Literacy session in the village of Mayo-Kebi. Writing lesson in the sand.
French transcription: Séminaire opérationnel de Gounou-Gaya. Séance d'alphabétisation dans un village du Mayo-Kebi. Séance d'écriture dans le sable.
Description: Dans un village rural, les hommes sont regroupés autour d'un homme en chemise bariolée qui trace des lettres dans le sable. Certains hommes tracent en même temps avec leur doigt. D'autres sont debout et observent, ainsi que des petits enfants torse-nu et bras croisés.

PHOTO0000000071

English transcription: Operational Seminar at Gounou-Gaya, Chad. Mayo-Kebi village (south-west of Chad) with its only bicycle. The women often have to go twenty-five miles on foot to buy medicine, cloth or oïl.
French transcription: Séminaire opérationnel de Gounou-Gaya, Tchad. Village du Mayo-Kebi (sud-ouest du Tchad) avec l'unique bicyclette du village. Les femmes font souvent plus de quarante kilomètres à pied pour aller acheter des médicaments, du tissu ou de l'huile.

PHOTO0000000072

English transcription: Worker and his son at a literacy class.
French transcription: Cet ouvrier fréquente une classe pour illettrés avec son fils.
Description: A man wearing a jellaba is sitting on a mat on the floor of a dimly lit room. He is reading a notebook, probably in arabic. Another man sits on his right on the mat. A younger man sits next to him, reading the same notebook.

PHOTO0000000073

English transcription: Work-oriented Adult Literacy Project. This project was funded by the United Nations Development Programme, and implemented by UNESCO. Domestic sciences classes are given in conjunction with literacy classes. A sewing class for the women of the El-Hilla Al Gadida quarter.
French transcription: Alphabétisation fonctionnelle des adultes. Ce projet est financé par le Programme des Nations Unies pour le développement, et est exécuté par l'UNESCO. Des cours d'économie domestique sont donnés parallèlement à l'alphabétisation de base. Cours de couture pour les femmes du quartier d'El-Hilla Al Gadida.
Description: Facing the camera are about five rows of school desks, where more than 20 women with covered heads are following a sewing lesson. Some women are sewing by hand, and the one woman in the foreground is using a manual Singer sewing machine.

PHOTO0000000074

English transcription: Operational Seminar at Gounou-Gaya, Chad. First functional literacy session with women on the theme of pregnancy.
French transcription: Séminaire opérationnel de Gounou-Gaya, Tchad. Première séance d’alphabétisation fonctionnelle avec les femmes sur le thème de la femme enceinte.
Description: Outdoors, in the shade of a tree, 13 women (ten on the ground, three standing) and two children, are seated in a semi-circle watching a group of five other women discuss/observe the contents of an illustrated paperboard.

PHOTO0000000075

French transcription: Cours d'alphabétisation au village.
Description: A woman, sitting at a table, looks at some written pages. A boy, standing on her side, is looking at the camera. On the wall, there is a poster with 10 written instructions.

PHOTO0000000076

French transcription: Cours d'alphabétisation au village.
Description: Four women are reading pamphlets or workbooks. One is holding a baby.

PHOTO0000000077

English transcription: Functional literacy classes are part of the training programme of co-operative farmers specializing in the production of ground-nuts. The whole village watches as this lesson is being recorded by Radio-Senegal. On the bench is the Senegalese sound technician. Seated next to him is M. Michel Bourgeois of France, a UNESCO expert in educational broadcasting, and the class teacher.
French transcription: Classe d'alphabétisation fonctionnelle pour la formation des coopérateurs en arachides. Tout le village assiste par la fenêtre à l'enregistrement du cours par Radio-Sénégal. Sur le banc, l'ingénieur du son sénégalais M. Michel Bourgeois France ; un expert de l'UNESCO en radio éducative ; et le professeur de la classe.

PHOTO0000000079

English transcription: A newspaper vendor.
French transcription: Petit marchand de journaux.
Description: Un tout jeune garçon est assis sur un petit banc devant une pile de journaux variés en arabe et en français, comme « Afrique » ou « France Soir », et diverses autres revues. Tout est disposé à même le trottoir.

PHOTO0000000080

English transcription: National Centre for Social Education. Literacy for women. The teacher, Miss Najia Chattaoui, is a former student of A.S.F.E.C. (UNESCO Centre for Fundamental Education in the Arab States, United Arab Republic).
French transcription: Centre National d'Education Sociale. Alphabétisation des femmes. L'institutrice, Mlle Najia Chattaoui est une ancienne stagiaire d'A.S.F.E.C.(Centre d'éducation de base de l'UNESCO, République arabe unie).
Description: A close-up photograph of a female teacher and two female students in a classroom setting. One student wearing a head scarf is engaged in an intent conversation with the teacher, while the other student is writing.

PHOTO0000000081

French transcription: Mission UNESCO d’Assistance Technique, grâce à laquelle sont appliquées de nouvelles méthodes d’enseignement créées par M. Fernando Valderrama (Espagne) expert de l’UNESCO, en collaboration avec ses collègues Tunisians. Centre d’alphabétisation de jeunes apprentis travaillant au port. Sur la photo, leçon de lecture. Les élèves sont intéressés par la liaison étroite établie entre le sens du texte et l’image qui l’illustre. Les illustrations du premier livre de lecture sont dues à l’artiste Tunisian M. El Mekki.
Description: Deux élèves assis côte à côte à un bureau en bois regardent un livre illustré que leur présente le maître. On y voit des dessins (sur la page de droite, un dromadaire qui galope) et dessous, l’explication en arabe.

PHOTO0000000082

English transcription: Father and son reading a newspaper in a display case.
French transcription: Un homme et son fils lisent un quotidien affiché dans la rue.
Description: A man and a boy are reading a newspaper (L'Action) displayed behind the editor's storefront windows. Most of the headlines are legible.

PHOTO0000000083

English transcription: Education for women. An arithmetic lesson, at the National Centre for Social Education.
French transcription: Centre National d'Education Sociale. Alphabétisation des femmes. Un cours de calcul.
Description: Girls and young women are sitting at desks in a classroom holding up small chalkboards with an arithmetic sum written on them. The sum is clearly visible and all the girls have the correct answer. There are large windows at the back of the room, making the room very bright.

PHOTO0000000084

French transcription: Mission UNESCO d'Assistance Technique, grace à laquelle sont appliquées de nouvelles méthodes d'enseignement par M. Fernando Valderrama (Espagne) expert de l'UNESCO, en collaboration avec collègues Tunisians. Centre d'alphabétisation de jeunes apprentis travaillant au port. Sur la photo M. Habib Haddad, instituteur, initiant ce jeune apprenti à l'écriture, cet élève originaire d'un village d'enfants est orphelin et n'a jamais été à l'ecole. Ayant atteint l'age de 18 ans il a été orienté ainsi que ses comrades, vers un métier manuel. Le soir en rentrant au Centre, il y trouve un plat consistant, un lit, et un instituteur pour lui apprendre à lire et à écrire.
Description: Three men in front of a blackboard. One man is writing on the blackboard and a young man stands next to him looking intently at the writing. The third man is in the background mostly hidden by the teacher.

PHOTO0000000085

English transcription: National Centre for Social Education. Literacy for women. A writing lesson.
French transcription: Centre National d'Education Sociale. Alphabétisation des Femmes. Leçon d'écriture.
Description: A close-up portrait of a young woman wearing a head scarf writing on a blackboard.

PHOTO0000000086

English transcription: A Moroccan reading in the street.
French transcription: Un Morocain lisant dans la rue.
Description: A man sitting cross-legged on the pavement reading an Arabic newspaper. The headline is visible in the photograph.

PHOTO0000000087

English transcription: Morocco - El Jadida - 1964. Public writer.
French transcription: Maroc - El Jadida - 1964. Ecrivain public.
Description: A man seated outdoors on a mat on the ground is writing in a notebook. There is a small writing desk on the ground in front of him. Seated on the mat in front of the desk is a woman with a veiled face. He seems to be helping her write something. The sun is shining. A small wooden bench and a wooden gate are visible.

PHOTO0000000088

English transcription: Education. Evening class for adults. Sometimes the children accompany their parents.
French transcription: Education. Cours du soir pour adultes. Les enfants y assistent aussi parfois belle cette petite fille venue en compagnie de son père.
Description: The room is dimly lit by a single lantern. Four men sit at classroom desks. One is reading a book and the others look forward.

PHOTO0000000089

English transcription: Vocational training at the Khouribga mine where the Office Chérifien des Phosphates has organized free literacy courses for its workers during working hours.
French transcription: Formation professionnelle à las Mine de Khouribga où L'Office Chérifien des Phosphates a organisé pour ses ouvriers des cours d'aphabétisation gratuits pendant les heures de travail.
Description: A close up of two young men wearing protective eye googles. They are bent over a table. One of them is using a blow torch to cut a slab of rock. Three other men are observing. The men are wearing work overalls. The one holding the torch is in a suit.

PHOTO0000000090

English transcription: Experimental school for adult education. The reading material is printed in the school laboratories with an offset machine which was provided by UNESCO.
French transcription: Ecole expérimentale d'alphabétisation. Le matérial de lecture est imprimé dans les laboratoires de l'école à l'aide d'une machine Offset donnée par l'UNESCO.
Description: Two men operate an offset printing press. One winds the handle and the other is pulling out a printed page.

PHOTO0000000091

English transcription: "Youth and Society," an organisation created by students and civil servants, has organised literacy classes at Rabat. Members of this organization have volunteered to teach evening classes which are held in school buildings. The Moroccan Ministry of Education is cooperating with the project which, owing to its success, will be extended to other Moroccan towns.
French transcription: « Jeunesse et Société », une organisation formée par des étudiants et des fonctionnaires, a organisé à Rabat de classes d’alphabétisation. Chaque soir, les membres de cette organisation prêtent volontairement leur concours. Les classes se tiennent dans des établissements scolaires et le Ministère de l’Education coopère à cette entreprise qui, étant donné le grand succès rencontré, étendra ses activités à d’autres villes du Maroc.
Description: Un homme en djellaba et chechia se tient devant un tableau noir. On peut y voir des phrases en arabe et des opérations écrites à la craie blanche. Ce maître est en train de donner un cours dans une salle de classe.

PHOTO0000000092

English transcription: Experimental school for adult education. A system for filing the more common words used in the Arab language.
French transcription: École expérimentale d’alphabétisation. Fichier central de classement des mots.
Description: Deux hommes sont agenouillés devant un meuble de classement et chacun a tiré un tiroir plein de cartes perforées. Ils en ont sorti quelques unes dont ils examinent le contenu.

PHOTO0000000093

French transcription: Institut supérieur de journalisme (I.S.J.) dont le Programme international pour le développement de la communication (PIDC) assure une contribution pour l'équipement et la formation.
Description: Four women work on recording machines in a studio. Reel-to-reel recording machines, sound boards, tapes, and a telephone are visible. Two of the women wear headphones. There is a bookshelf against the back wall.

PHOTO0000000094

English transcription: Experimental school for adult education. Posters are produced to refresh the pupils' minds of words they have already learned.
French transcription: Ecole expérimentale d'alphabétisation. Affiche servant à rappeler aux élèves les mots déjà appris.
Description: A close-up of a young man holding a poster written in Arabic. The poster is clearly visible and shows pictures with words underneath each picture.

PHOTO0000000095

English transcription: Experimental school for adult education. Machine for recording the most common words in order to simplify the Arab language.
French transcription: Ecole expérimentale d'alphabétisation. Appareil à enregistrer les mots les plus usuellement employés pour une simplificaton de la langue arabe.
Description: A man in a white shirt presses the keys on a machine for recording Arabic words. On the table next to the machine is an illustrated sheet of paper that he is keying into the machine. The machine is resting on a table against the wall of the room. The bottom of a picture is visible on the wall.

PHOTO0000000096

English transcription: Morocco - Kenitra - April 1964. Kenitra Penitentiary. Prisonners following a course that will permit them to take the school certificate.
French transcription: Maroc - Kénitra - Avril 1964. Maison centrale de Kénitra. Les détenus y suivent les classes menant au certificat d’études.
Description: A man seen from the back is sitting at a desk; he is looking at a notebook written in Arabic, illustrated with a drawing of the digestive system.

PHOTO0000000097

English transcription: Kenitra Penitentiary. A literacy course organised for the prisoners.
French transcription: Maison Centrale de Kénitra. Cours d’alphabétisation organisé pour les détenus.
Description: In a room, men are sitting in ranks of desks and looking at a standing man dressed in a suit showing a text written in Arabic on a blackboard. In the corner of the room, a man in a uniform (a guardian) is observing the scene.

PHOTO0000000099

English transcription: Village schoolboy doing his homework.
French transcription: Dans un ksar, ce petit écolier fait ses devoirs du soir devant sa maison.
Description: Sur une chaise de jardin, dans un abri, un petit garçon écrit sur un cahier qui est posé sur ses genoux.

PHOTO0000000100

English transcription: Work-Oriented Literacy Pilot Project. The United Nations Development Programme is assisting the Algerian Government with 1,157,000 dollars to develop an Adult Literacy Pilot Project mainly directed toward the industrial and farm population. UNESCO has the responsibility for the implementation of this project. Here, entrance sign of the National Literacy Centre.
French transcription: Projet-pilote d'alphabétisation fonctionnelle des adultes. Le Programme des Nations Unies pour le développement - dont l'UNESCO est l'agent d'exécution - a alloué 1.157.000 dollars au premier projet-pilote d'alphabétisation du Gouvernement algérien, alphabétisation axée surtout sur les populations adultes industrielles et agricoles. Ici, panneau du Centre national d'alphabétisation.
Description: We are facing a wide white sign, between palm trunk and other trees, and a fence behind. On it, two lines in arabic script, and below, "CENTRE NATIONAL d'ALPHABÉTISATION." On the left, two young boys are walking, dressed with pants and jackets, one holding a satchel. On the extreme right side, there are two street numbers, 37 and 57. There is a fender with the headlight of a 4L Renault.

PHOTO0000000101

English transcription: "Youth and Society," an organisation created by students and civil servants, has organised literacy classes at Rabat. Members of this organisation have volunteered to teach evening classes which are held in school buildings. The Moroccan Ministry of Education is cooperating with the project which owing to its success will be extended to other Moroccan towns.
French transcription: « Jeunesse et Société », une organisation formée par des étudiants et des fonctionnaires a organisé à Rabat des classes d'alphabétisation. Chaque soir les membres de cette organisation prêtent volontairement leur concours. Les classes se tiennent dans des établissements scolaires et le Ministère de l'Education coopère à cette entreprise qui étant donné le grand succès rencontré.

PHOTO0000000102

English transcription: A Moroccan reading in the street.
French transcription: Un Marocain lisant dans la rue.
Description: A white-robed figure is seated on the ground, reading an Arabic publication. Next to him, the damaged wheel of an old bicycle is visible.

PHOTO0000000243

English transcription: A villager reading the local newspaper.
French transcription: Un villageois lit le journal local.
Description: Un villageois est debout près de sa hutte et lit le journal local "Kibaru." Il est très concentré. Il porte une chéchia en laine et une tunique en haillon.

PHOTO0000000249

English transcription: Emancipation of women. Women working in a food-canning factory.
French transcription: Emancipation des femmes. Dans une fabrique de conserves à Kano.
Description: Une femme porte deux plateaux avec des boites de conserves vides l'un est sur sa tête, l'autre dans ses bras. Derrière elle, des tables sur lesquelles d'autres femmes travaillent à remplir des boites de conserve.

PHOTO0000000250

English transcription: Emancipation of women. Women working in a food-canning factory.
French transcription: Emancipation des femmes. Dans une fabrique de conserve à Kano.
Description: A kneeling woman is stacking tin cans in a factory storage room.

PHOTO0000000252

French transcription: Activité économique liée à l'alphabétisation. Production d'huile de noix de coco.
Description: Dans un village, sous un préau, des femmes sont réunies autour de différentes marmites. L'une d'elles est sur le feu et deux femmes tournent le contenu. Dans une autre marmite une femme prélève le contenu à l'aide d'un bol. Au premier plan, deux bouteilles d'huile sont posées. Au loin, on voit des herbes folles et quelques arbres.

PHOTO0000000253

French transcription: Projet expérimental AJO-BEDO (UNESCO/UNFPA). Classe de post-alphabétisation.
Description: A man in profile, with a moustache, and a women, are holding an open booklet and looking at it together. They are seated on the ground, along with a group of some eight men, some of whom are also holding booklets. A visible page in the foreground shows an illustration of a seated mother and child, and texts, presumably in an Ethiopian language.

PHOTO0000000258

English transcription: Liberia - Klay Region - 1956. Fundamental Education Centre created by UNESCO. Demonstration of child care.
French transcription: Liberia - Région de Klay - 1956. Centre d'éducation de base de l'UNESCO. Démonstration sur les soins à donner aux enfants.
Description: A room filled with at least 10 people, mostly women, looking at a woman holding an infant on a table, where a wash basin is visible. There are also two bottles, a jar, and a container on the table. There is an English poster in the background, but it is obscured and illegible.

PHOTO0000000259

French transcription: Mission d'éducation de base.
Description: Sous un préau en bois, trois jeunes fille et un garçon sont en train de coudre. Une toute petite fille est entre eux et les regarde. Ils travaillent autour d'une table. On aperçoit derrière eux la végétation.

PHOTO0000000260

English transcription: Libya - Fuehat (near Benghazi) - 1961. The Libyan Centre for Fundamental Education was established with the assistance of UNESCO, which also supplied a group of educational specialists. Shown here are two students in a weaving class.
French transcription: Libye - Fuehat, près Benghasi - 1961. Centre libyen d’éducation de base fondé avec l'aide de l'UNESCO. Le Centre reçoit également le concours d'experts de cette Organisation. Ici, deux élèves pendant un cours de tissage.
Description: In a room, two men, dressed in working clothes, are sitting on stools and working at big vertical weaving looms.

PHOTO0000000261

English transcription: Main entrance of the Libyan Centre for Fundamental Education which was established with the assistance of UNESCO, which also supplied a group of educational specialists.
French transcription: Entrée du Centre libyen d'éducation de base fondé avec l'aide de l'UNESCO. Ce centre reçoit également le concours d'experts de l'Organisation.
Description: This photograph an entrance with a sign, on which is written "NAZARAT OF EDUCATION / THE LIBYAN FUNDAMENTAL EDUCATION CENTRE / FUEHAT / BENGHAZI." There is also Arabic writing on the sign. In the background, there are trees, part of a building, and a street lamp.

PHOTO0000000262

English transcription: Village cleanliness campaign at Kalata el Kobra village.
French transcription: Campagne de propreté au village de Kalata el Kobra.
Description: The photograph is taken in a small street. One woman is on a ladder, working on a wall. On the street, there are three children and two other women with cooking pots and other kitchen utensils on their heads. There is also a dog on the street. The buildings on the street are made of bricks.

PHOTO0000000263

English transcription: Fundamental education class for adults.
French transcription: Education de base pour adultes.
Description: Sous une hutte, un homme en djellaba blanche, une chéchia blanche brodée sur la tête, se tient debout et enseigne. Il a dans une main une feuille de papier et de l'autre il pointe une affiche accrochée au tableau. Il explique les dessins et les phrases qui les illustrent. Des hommes âgés sont assis par terre et l'écoutent. L’un tient une canne.

PHOTO0000000264

English transcription: Nigeria - Ibadan - 1963. A street scene.
French transcription: Scène de rue.
Description: Men and women are walking on the side of a street, along street-side booksellers (Ola Olu Bookshop, Rational bookshop). Several women are carrying baskets on their heads. There are no cars. Small wooden planks bridge the street gutters.

PHOTO0000000265

English transcription: Ethiopia - Magite - 1960. Trainees at the UNESCO-founded Community Development Centre at Magite digging out and cleaning a spring near the village.
French transcription: Ethiopie - Magite - 1960. Des stagiaires du Centre de Développement Communautaire que l'UNESCO a créé à Magite, creusent et nettoient une source près du village.
Description: A young man in a white t-shirt and rolled-up pants cleans out a well with a tool (possibly a shovel). He is ankle deep in muddy water and appears to be a few feet below ground level.

PHOTO0000000266

English transcription: Ethiopia - Magite - 1960. UNESCO Fundamental Education Centre. This máchine compresses the mixture of earth and cement which will be used for making breeze-blocks.
French transcription: Ethiopie - Magite - 1960. Centre d'éducation de base de l'UNESCO. Cette machine, à l'aide de chaines et de leviers, comprime le mélange de terre et de ciment qui deviendra des blocs de terre stabilisée (béton de terre).
Description: A group of four men appear to be making bricks using a two-wheeled brick machine with the name "Landcrete" painted along the side. The men and machine appear to be standing in a field with tree-lined hills in the background.

PHOTO0000000267

English transcription: Ethiopia - Magite - 1960. UNESCO Fundamental Education Centre at Magite. Trainees sifting earth which, when mixed with cement, will be used for brick-making.
French transcription: Ethiopie - Magite - 1960. Centre d'éducation de base de l'UNESCO de Magite. Les stagiaires passent au crible la terre qui, mélangée au ciment, servira à faire des blocs de terre stabilisée (béton de terre).
Description: A group of four men are seen with a stone sifter screen. One man is shovelling gravel onto the screen while the others watch. The gravel is being sifted onto a wheelbarrel. In the background is a tree-lined hillside.

PHOTO0000000268

English transcription: Libya - Fuehat (near Benghazi) - 1961. The Libyan Centre for Fundamental Education was established with the assistance of UNESCO, which also supplied a group of educational specialists. Here, a class in the home economics course given at the Centre by Miss Nastawi (UAR); a UNESCO specialist in the education of women.
French transcription: Libya - Fuehat, près Benghazi - 1961. Centre libyen d'éducation de base fondé avec l'aide de l'UNESCO. Le Centre reçoit également le concours d'experts de cette Organisation. Ici, un cours d'arts ménagers donné au Centre par Melle Bastawi (R.A.U.), spécialiste de l'UNESCO en matière d'éducation féminine.
Description: Ten women are standing at two tables placed in an outdoor courtyard on a sunny day. On the tables are bowls, chopping boards, rolling pins, and a box of baby food (rice).

PHOTO0000000269

English transcription: Senegal. Adult Education Centre where is taught, among other subjects, how to make banco (dried clay bricks) which are used to build houses.
French transcription: Sénégal. Centre d'enseignement moyen pratique où l'on apprend, entre autres, à fabriquer le banco (briques de terre séchée) qui servira à construire les maisons.
Description: In an open space, eight men are standing by lines of dried clay bricks. In the background are the holes dug for collecting clay; two men are holding shovels.

PHOTO0000000270

English transcription: The rural schools apply the teaching methods of the Mantasoa Pedagogical Centre which receives assistance from UNESCO. This Centre is responsible for the training of rural teachers. The village teacher, who is charged with promoting the well-being of the village, is seen here teaching a villager to use a measuring chain.
French transcription: Ecole rurale appliquant les méthodes du Centre pédagogique de Lantasoa. Ce Centre, assisté par l'UNESCO, est chargé de la formation des maîtres ruraux. Ici, le maître rural dans son rôle d' animateur du village Initiation d'un villageois à l'emploi de la chaîne d'arpenteur.
Description: Two men work in a field. A child is behind a wooden cart in the background.

PHOTO0000000271

English transcription: The rural schools apply the teaching methods of the Mantasoa Pedagogical Centre which receives assistance from UNESCO. This Centre is responsible for the training of rural teachers. Preparation of the school meal.
French transcription: Ecole rurale appliquant les methods du Centre pédagogique de Mantasoa. Ce Centre, assisté par l'UNESCO, est chargé de la formation des maîtres ruraux. Ici, la preparation du repas de midi.
Description: Three men prepare a meal outdoors in a rural area. They are wearing straw hats and have big pots for cooking.

PHOTO0000000274

English transcription: Fundamental education. The principles of hygiens and ways of improving living conditions are explained to villagers at the Dionfo fundamental education centre.
French transcription: Education de base. Le Centre de Dionfo organise dans les villages des réunions pour expliquer aux habitants les principes d'hygiène et comment améliorer les conditions de vie.
Description: A l'intérieur d'une case, des hommes de tous âges sont assis sur le sol en terre. Deux jeunes garçons tiennent des feuilles de papier et les lisent. Des hommes plus âgés les regardent. L'un d'entre eux tient un parapluie et regarde l'objectif.

PHOTO0000000275

English transcription: At the Community Develepment Training Centre in Majete, young Ethiopian teachers, public health workers and agricultural extension trainees are learning, through practical experience, new techniques and skills which they will be able to put to use throughout the country to make life in rural areas easier and better. In addition to building the Centre they are at work with the people building houses, starting gardens, digging canals and in knitting and needlework. Assisting the Government in setting up and running the Centre are experts from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO). Shown here are students at work in the carpentry shop in Majete.

Description: Young men doing carpentry work.

PHOTO0000000291

English transcription: Training of rural leaders in civic responsabilities. Trainees being shown the use of low cost visual aids.
French transcription: Formation d'animateurs ruraux recrutés au service civiques initiation des stagiaires aux techniques de production et d'utilisation d'auxiliaires audio-visuels peu coûteux, sous la conduite de M. Louis Duré, expert à l'UNESCO.
Description: Five men outside in front of a felt board with visual figures. Four men wear military uniforms. The fifth man wears jeans and a white shirt. He appears to be laughing.

PHOTO0000000335

English transcription: The Fundamental Education Centre of Sirs-el-Layyan (ASFEC) was created jointly by UNESCO and the Goverment of the U.A.R. One of its aims is to raise the standard of living of villagers of the region. A trainee social worker from the centre, is seen here, visiting a Calioub village.
French transcription: Le Centre d’éducation de base de Sirs-al-Layyan (A.S.F.E.C.) a été créé par l’ UNESCO et le Gouvernement égyptien. L’un de ses buts est d’améliorer le niveau de vie des habitants des villages. Ici, une stagiaire-assistante sociale de ce Centre en visite au village de Calioub.
Description: A group of 12 women and a boy are gathered in a street chatting and smiling. The woman at the center of the picture is wearing a shirt and earrings, while the other women are dressed in long clothes and have scarves on their heads. A boy in the back of the photo watches as the photographer takes the picture.

PHOTO0000000336

English transcription: U.A.R. - Calioub. An assistant to an expert in home economics is seen here, right, giving a lesson in cooking.
French transcription: R.A.U. - Calioub. Une experte en économie domestique et son assistante (celle-ci, à droit) expliquent de meilleures recettes de cuisine aux villageoises.
Description: Autour d'un réchaud, une femme (à droite) et deux petites filles (à gauche) sont assises par terre. La femme mélange la casserole posée sur le réchaud. À l'arrière plan, on aperçoit deux femmes et un enfant.

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